Main path analysis can help you figure out how important different factors are to a particular outcome. It works by looking at all the paths that lead to a certain outcome and figuring out which paths are the most important, or most direct. For example, if you wanted to know why someone was successful at a job, you could use main path analysis to look at all the paths that could lead to their success. Things like education, skills, experience, and other factors could help you figure out which paths were most important in leading to their success.