Okay kiddo, imagine you have a piece of paper and you want to measure how long it is, like from one end to the other. You can use a ruler or a tape measure to do this. But what if you want to measure how loud something is, like how loudly you are screaming or how loud music is playing?
That's where a special kind of microphone called a measurement microphone comes in. It listens to sound and tells you how loud it is. But just like with measuring something's length, you have to make sure your microphone is correct and accurate, so you get the right measurements.
To make sure your microphone is accurate, you calibrate it. That means you test it and make adjustments to it so it can accurately measure sound. Just like how you might adjust a scale to make sure it shows the right weight.
To calibrate a microphone, you have to use something called a reference microphone. This is like the 'correct' microphone that you know is accurate. You use it to compare to the measurement microphone and see if it's measuring sound correctly.
You then adjust the measurement microphone, like tuning a guitar, to make sure it matches the reference microphone. Once they match, you know your measurement microphone is calibrated and you can trust it to give you accurate loudness measurements.