When people from different countries want to work and live together in peace, they sometimes make agreements called treaties. Sometimes, certain groups of people in a country are treated unfairly because of their religion or culture. These groups are called minorities, and they might not have the same rights as the rest of the people in the country.
So, to make sure the minorities are treated fairly, the countries may create what is called a minority treaty. This treaty is like a promise the countries make to each other to treat minorities in their countries with respect and fairness. The minority treaty might say things like minorities get to practice their religion without being discriminated against, or they get to vote and be treated equally as other people.
These minority treaties were mostly created after World War I, when many countries had to make big changes to keep the peace. The minority treaties helped people of different backgrounds and religions to live together peacefully, and to make sure they are all treated equally.