Okay, so imagine you're trying to learn how to talk like other people do. Maybe you're learning a different language or maybe you're just trying to understand why people talk differently in different places. This is called linguistics.
Now, there were some people a long time ago who were really interested in linguistics, especially comparing different languages from around the world. They were from a place called Moscow, which is in Russia. So they're called the Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics.
What they did was study lots of different languages and try to see how they were similar or different. They looked at things like grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary. By doing this, they could learn a lot about how languages work and how they're related to each other.
The Moscow School of Comparative Linguistics was really important because it helped people understand more about different languages and how they evolved over time. They also helped lay the foundation for modern linguistics, which is still a really important field today.