ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Myelination

Hello, little friend! Let’s talk about myelination. Myelination is like putting a coat on a wire to make sure it works properly.

In your brain, you have something called neurons. Neurons are like little messengers that help your brain send signals to other parts of your body when you are thinking or moving. The wires that connect your neurons together are called axons.

Now, axons are not just plain wires, they are more like a naked wire without any type of insulation. So, our brain needs to add some insulation on those axons in order for them to work well, and that is where myelination comes in.

The insulation is called myelin, and it’s like a fatty material that wraps around the axons. Just like how your mom or dad might wrap a scarf around your neck to keep you warm in the winter.

Myelin helps your brain send signals faster and more efficiently. Think of it like how you can slide down a slide faster when it’s wet, but slower when it’s dry.

So, when you learn new things or practice a skill, your brain adds more myelin to the axons that are involved in that activity. This helps your brain remember and process information faster and more efficiently.

That’s all, little friend! I hope you learned something new today!