ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

NMR spectroscopy of stereoisomers

Imagine you have a bunch of toys that all look similar but are slightly different. Some toys have long arms, some have short legs, and some have big heads. To figure out what makes each toy different, you could put them all under a special machine that takes pictures of the inside of the toy. This special machine is called an NMR spectroscopy machine.

Now, let’s think about molecules instead of toys. Some molecules also look similar but have slight differences, just like the toys. These differences are called stereoisomers. Stereoisomers are like mirror images of each other, but they can have different properties.

To figure out the differences between stereoisomers, scientists can use an NMR spectroscopy machine. The machine takes a picture of the inside of the molecule and shows us how the atoms are arranged. The NMR spectroscopy machine works by sending energy into the molecule, and the molecule absorbs that energy in a way that tells us information about its structure.

The information we get from the NMR spectroscopy machine can help us figure out which compound is which stereoisomer. It’s like taking an X-ray of the molecule! Scientists can use this information to study how these different stereoisomers work and to develop new medicines and chemicals that work better or have fewer side effects.