ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Niemann–Pick disease

Niemann-Pick disease is when something goes wrong in the body and things start to pile up where they shouldn’t. Imagine you have a toy box, and you want to keep your toys nice and organized in the box, but you accidentally put too many toys in the box and they start to pile up so much, you can’t close the lid. That’s kind of what happens in the body when someone has Niemann-Pick disease.

This can happen because of a problem with something called a lipid. Lipids help make up our cells which are like tiny parts of our body that all work together. They’re like building blocks that make up everything in our body, and they’re important for keeping our cells healthy.

When someone has Niemann-Pick disease, their body can’t process these lipids properly. So instead of getting rid of them or storing them where they’re supposed to, the lipids start to build up in different parts of the body – like a big pile of toys in your toy box. This can cause problems in different parts of the body, like the liver or the brain, and can make it harder for those parts of the body to work properly.

There are different types of Niemann-Pick disease, and the symptoms can be different for each type. But some common symptoms are difficulty breathing, trouble moving or walking, and problems with memory and thinking.

Doctors and scientists are working to find better ways to treat Niemann-Pick disease, but for now, there’s no cure. But there are some medications that can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life for people living with this disease.