Nyaya is one of the six main ancient schools of Indian philosophy, which means "logic". It is made up of five basic ideas. These ideas help people decide if a topic is right or wrong, if something is true, or if something is false. The five ideas are:
1. Pratyaksa: This is an idea that says that we must observe and experience the world around us in order to learn and understand it.
2. Anumana: This is an idea that an individual can use logic and reasoning to come to a conclusion about things.
3. Upamana: This is an idea that we can compare one thing to another to learn about it.
4. Anupalabdhi: This is an idea that says that we can learn from the absence or lack of evidence.
5. Shabda: This is an idea that we can learn the truth from listening to another person’s words.
Nyaya is a way of reasoning and thinking that was used many years ago, and is still used today. These five ideas can help you think about important questions, can help you make decisions, and can help you understand the world around you.