Imagine that you have a pet, like a dog or a cat. If you accidentally step on their tail or pinch them, they will feel pain and may even yelp or cry. Pain is a feeling that tells you something is wrong and you need to stop doing what you're doing.
In laboratories, scientists sometimes use animals like mice, rats, rabbits, and monkeys to do experiments. They might want to test new medicines, figure out how the body works or develop new treatments for diseases.
Sometimes, these experiments can cause pain or suffering to the animals being tested. Pain might come from needles being poked into the skin or eyes, surgery, or chemicals being put on their bodies. Suffering might come from being kept in small cages without much space to move around, or being isolated from other animals.
But, researchers have to make sure that any pain or suffering is minimized as much as possible. They have to follow rules and laws to protect animals used in research, and to make sure that they are treated as ethically and humanely as possible. Scientists must make sure that the animals are healthy, have enough food and water, and are kept in a safe environment.
Some researchers try to use alternative methods that don't involve using animals, like computer simulations or studying cells in a lab. But, sometimes to make sure that the medicine or treatment being tested is safe and works, scientists might need to test it in animals first.
In summary, pain and suffering is not good for any living creature, and scientists have rules to make sure that animals used in research are treated as humanely as possible.