ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Penicillin desensitization

Penicillin is a medicine that helps people get better from sickness. Sometimes, however, some people can have an allergic reaction to it, which means they get sick instead of feeling better.

But doctors have a thing called “penicillin desensitization” that helps people who are allergic to penicillin. When you are allergic to something, your body thinks it’s bad and tries to fight it with an army of cells. During penicillin desensitization, doctors use a tiny amount of penicillin and give it to you in parts to help your body see that penicillin is not bad, and it’s actually helpful in making you feel better.

If your body reacts well, and doesn’t fight the medicine, then the doctor can give you little more of it every few hours. This is like trying to make friends with someone you thought was mean before, but you give them a chance, and they end up being really nice!

By the end of the desensitization, your body has learned that the penicillin is actually good and it shouldn't fight it. This means that you can take penicillin again if you need it without worrying about getting sick from an allergic reaction.
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