ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Phenylalanine

Phenylalanine is a big, fancy word that describes a tiny piece of protein that can be found in some of the foods we eat, like meat, cheese, and eggs.

When we eat foods that contain phenylalanine, our bodies break it down into smaller pieces called amino acids. These amino acids are like little building blocks that our bodies use to make all sorts of important things, like muscles, skin, and even hair.

But here's the tricky part: some people's bodies have a hard time breaking down phenylalanine. If these people eat too much of it, it can build up in their blood and cause problems. This is called phenylketonuria (PKU for short).

So, while phenylalanine might not seem like a big deal, it's actually really important to pay attention to how much of it we eat, especially for people with PKU. It's like a traffic light: green means we can eat as much as we want, yellow means we need to be careful, and red means no more!