A progressive cavity pump is like a straw that you can use to suck up your juice box. It's like the straw that you put in the box with the juice, but it's a little bit fancier.
You can imagine that the straw is actually made up of two parts, like a tube inside of a tube. The inside tube is the "rotor" and the outside tube is the "stator". The rotor is a long, thin metal tube that can spin around inside the stator.
Now imagine that you're sucking on the straw to get your juice. When you suck, the juice flows up the inside of the straw, past your mouth, and into your tummy. But in a progressive cavity pump, instead of sucking, the rotor spins and pushes liquid through the straw.
As the rotor spins, it creates small pockets or "cavities" between the rotor and stator. These cavities move from the inlet to the outlet of the pump. The liquid that you want to move gets trapped in the pockets and is pushed along as the rotor spins.
So, in a way, a progressive cavity pump is like a fancy straw that can push liquid instead of just sucking it up. These pumps are often used in industrial settings to move all sorts of liquids, from sewage to peanut butter.