ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Proto-Indo-European pronouns

Okay, kiddo, so a really long time ago, before anyone can remember, people who spoke a language called Proto-Indo-European lived in a big area stretching from Europe to Asia. These people had a lot of words, including words called pronouns, which were used to talk about people or things without using their names.

Now, some smart people have studied all the different languages that have come from Proto-Indo-European, and they've found out some things about the pronouns that those old people used. For example, they had three kinds of pronouns: ones that were for the first person (like "I" or "we"), for the second person (like "you"), and for the third person (like "he," "she," or "it").

What's really interesting is that some of these pronouns have similar sounds and meanings in lots of different languages that came from Proto-Indo-European. For example, the word for "I" in Latin (which was spoken by ancient Romans) was "ego," and the word for "I" in Greek (which was spoken by ancient Greeks) was "ego" too! And in English, we use a word that sounds similar to both "ego" and "I" for the same purpose.

Now, not all the pronouns were the same in all the languages that came from Proto-Indo-European - some of them changed a lot over time. But studying them can still help us understand how these old people talked to each other and how language has changed over thousands of years.