A publication ban is like a secret or a rule to not talk about something, but only for grown-ups like judges and lawyers. They use a publication ban when they think that talking about something might be dangerous, hurt someone's feelings or break the law.
For example, let's say that someone did something really bad, like hurt someone else or broke the law. When they go to court, the judge might say that nobody can talk or write about the details of what happened. This means that newspapers, TV, and other people are not allowed to share any details about the case that might identify the person involved, like their name or where they live.
The reason for the ban is to protect the person's privacy, make sure they get a fair trial, and they won't be judged by others before the trial is over. It's important to follow a publication ban because if someone breaks it, they could get in trouble with the law.