Okay kiddo, do you know what a chronometer is? It's a special type of clock or watch that is very accurate and can measure time really well.
Now, imagine a railroad. Trains need to run on time so that they can get to where they need to go without any accidents. That's why they need a special kind of chronometer called a railroad chronometer.
This type of chronometer is especially made to be very accurate, so that the train can arrive on time. Before railroad chronometers were invented, trains were often running late or crashing into each other because their clocks weren't accurate enough.
So, the railroad chronometer is a really important tool for making sure that trains run smoothly and safely. It's kind of like a superhero that makes sure that everything happens on time and nobody gets hurt!