ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Riemann ellipsoid

Have you ever played with a ball that wasn't perfectly round? Maybe it was a little bit squishy or lopsided. Well, imagine that the Earth is like that too! Even though we often think of the Earth as a perfect sphere, it actually looks more like a flattened ball.

But how can we describe exactly how squishy the Earth is? That's where the Riemann ellipsoid comes in. It's like a special math tool that helps us measure the Earth's "squishiness".

The Riemann ellipsoid tells us the exact shape of the Earth by using three different measurements: the equatorial radius, the polar radius, and the flattening factor. The equatorial radius is like the distance across the Earth at its widest point, around the equator. The polar radius is like the distance from the North Pole to the South Pole. And the flattening factor tells us how much the Earth is squished compared to a perfect sphere.

Using the Riemann ellipsoid, we can make more accurate maps and do all sorts of cool calculations about the Earth's shape and size. So now you know that the Earth isn't just a perfect sphere, but a special squishy ball that can be measured with math!