Rule-based machine translation is a way of translating words or sentences from one language to another with the help of a computer. It works by having a list of rules that tell the computer how to translate words and phrases from one language to the other. For example, it might have a rule that says if the word "cat" is in English then it should be translated to the word "chat" in French. The computer will then use this list of rules to change English words and phrases into their French translations.