Schwartz space (also called the space of rapidly decreasing functions) is a special type of mathematical space that's made up of functions (or equations) that get very small very quickly. These functions are special because they decrease in size so much that they become "infinitely small" very quickly. For example, if you have a function that starts at a number like 3, but it quickly decreases and keeps decreasing until it gets to a number so small it can't be measured, that's an example of a Schwartz space function. These types of functions are useful because they help us solve problems in areas of math like calculus and quantum mechanics.