A scotch yoke is like a jigsaw puzzle piece that helps turn circular motion into straight motion. Imagine you have a toy car and you want it to move back and forth in a straight line. You could turn the wheels round and round, but that wouldn't work. A scotch yoke is a way to make the car move in a straight line without moving the wheels in a circle.
The scotch yoke has two parts: a yoke and a straight bar. The yoke looks like a U-shape, and it holds a circular disk that rotates. The straight bar has a round peg on one end that fits into the rotating disk on the yoke.
As the disk rotates, it pushes the bar back and forth. The motion of the bar is controlled by the shape of the yoke. The yoke is designed so that the bar moves quickly in one direction and slows down on the way back. This movement is called reciprocation.
Scotch yokes are used in many machines, like car engines and pumps. They help turn circular motion into straight motion and make many things work.