So, imagine you have a secret diary where you write down all your secrets. You don't want anyone else to read your diary, so you keep it locked with a special key.
Now, let's say you want to share one of your secrets with your friend, but you don't want them to read the whole diary. You can use server-gated cryptography to encrypt just that one secret and share it with your friend through a messenger.
The way it works is that the server hosting the messenger has a special key that can unlock the encryption. This is like having a special key to open a lock.
When you send your encrypted secret through the messenger, the server picks up on it and uses its key to unlock the encryption. Then, it sends the decrypted message to your friend for them to read.
This way, your friend can read the one secret you wanted to share, but they can't read everything else in your diary. And, if anyone intercepted the message, they wouldn't be able to read it because they don't have the special key like the server does.
Overall, server-gated cryptography is a way to share secrets securely with someone else without giving them access to everything else you want to keep private.