ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Shape waves

Hello! Do you remember how sometimes you draw circles or squares or triangles on a piece of paper? Those are shapes, right? Well, imagine that instead of drawing those shapes, you were making them with your voice or with music. That's what we call sound waves.

Now, sound waves can come in different shapes too. Some can be wavy like a snake, some can be as straight as a line, some can be big, and some can be small. The way the wave looks depends on how the sound is produced and what it has to travel through.

When we talk about "shape waves," we are usually talking about a specific type of sound wave called a sine wave. This wave has a very simple shape, like a smooth curve that goes up and down over and over again. It's like drawing a straight line on a piece of paper, except that the line is curved.

What's cool about sine waves is that they can be used to make all sorts of sounds. Imagine you have a big guitar amplifier and you turn up the volume all the way. If you pluck the low E string on the guitar, you'll hear a very big sine wave come out of the speakers. That's the sound of the guitar string vibrating back and forth in a very specific way that creates that wave.

But we can also use sine waves to make really different sounds, like the sound of a flute or a snare drum. That's because when we hear a sound, what we're really hearing is a mixture of different sine waves that combine to create a more complex shape wave.

So, in short, shape waves are just different ways that sound waves can look depending on how they are produced and what they have to travel through. And sine waves are a special type of shape wave that are the basic building blocks of many different types of sounds.