ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Solid-state NMR

So, imagine you have a lot of toys. Some of them are made of wood, some are made of plastic, and some are made of metal. If you want to find out what kind of toy each one is, you can touch it, look at it, and maybe even smell it. But what if you had a toy that looked like metal on the outside, but was actually made of wood on the inside? That would be tricky to figure out with just your senses!

Scientists have the same problem when they want to study things on a very small level, like tiny crystals or molecules. They can't just touch them or look at them to find out what they're made of. Instead, they use something called solid-state NMR.

NMR stands for nuclear magnetic resonance, which is a big fancy way of saying that scientists look at how atoms interact with magnetic fields. Atoms are like little magnets themselves, so when they're inside a big magnetic field, they wiggle around in a certain way. Scientists can use this wiggling to figure out what kinds of atoms are in a sample.

Solid-state NMR is when scientists use this method to study things that are solid, like crystals or powders. They put their sample inside a strong magnetic field and zap it with radio waves. The atoms in the sample wiggle around and give off signals that scientists can detect. By analyzing these signals, they can figure out what kinds of atoms are in the sample, how they're arranged, and even how they're moving around!

So, solid-state NMR is like a magic toy detector that lets scientists figure out what their tiny samples are made of, even if they can't see inside them.