Spin–statistics theorem

Okay, so there are small tiny things that makeup everything around us called particles. These particles can have something called spin, which is like how they are spinning around their middle part.

Scientists noticed that particles with a half-numbered spin, like 1/2 or 3/2, have to follow something called Fermi-Dirac statistics. This means that they don't like to be in the same spot as another particle with the same spin, and they have to be spaced out.

Particles with a whole-numbered spin, like 0, 1, or 2, follow a different rule called Bose-Einstein statistics. They can be in the same spot as another particle with the same spin, and they like to group together.

Now, here's the tricky part: the spin-statistics theorem says that particles with half-numbered spin MUST follow the Fermi-Dirac statistics, and particles with whole-numbered spin MUST follow the Bose-Einstein statistics.

Why does this matter? Well, it helps scientists understand how particles behave and interact with each other, which is important for things like figuring out how to create new things or understanding how things work in the universe.