Stretch factor is when you make something longer or shorter than it originally was. Think about a rubber band. When you pull it, it gets longer. That's stretching it. The stretch factor is how much longer you've made it compared to its original size.
Let's say you have a rubber band that is 2 inches long. If you stretch it to be 4 inches long, the stretch factor would be 2. That means you've made it twice as long as it was before.
You can also use the stretch factor to see how much something has shrunk. Like if your shirt was 10 inches long but it shrank in the wash to only be 9 inches long, the stretch factor would be 0.9. That means it's only 90% of its original size.
So, stretch factor is just a way to measure how much longer or shorter something has become.