ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Takao Ozawa v. United States

Ok kiddo, so there was a man named Takao Ozawa who wanted to become a U.S. citizen. But the government said no because they said he wasn't "white."

You know how some people have different skin colors, like brown or black or white? Well, back in the olden days, some people thought that only people with white skin could be real Americans.

But Takao Ozawa was from Japan and Japan is pretty far away from America. So what the heck did being "white" have to do with it?

Anyway, Takao Ozawa went to court to fight against this rule. He said that he should still be allowed to be a U.S. citizen, even though he wasn't white.

But the judges said that the rule was the rule and that they couldn't change it. They said that being "white" meant having certain physical characteristics, like skin color and hair type, and that Takao Ozawa didn't have those.

So, unfortunately, Takao Ozawa didn't become a U.S. citizen. But later on, the government changed the rule so that people from all different ethnicities could become citizens.