ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Tapered element oscillating microbalance

Okay kiddo, have you ever stepped on a scale to see how much you weigh? Well, scientists and researchers use special scales to measure very tiny things, like particles and molecules. One of those special scales is called a tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM for short).

The TEOM works kind of like a swing set. Imagine you and your friend are on a swing set, and you're both swinging back and forth. Just like on a swing set, the TEOM has a metal rod that swings back and forth too. But instead of just swinging for fun, the TEOM is used to measure how much tiny particles or molecules stick to the metal rod.

Here's how it works: the TEOM has a wire that's coated with a special material, usually something like quartz or tungsten. This coated wire is called the tapered element. The TEOM also has a tiny sensor that can detect how fast the tapered element is swinging back and forth.

When the TEOM is turned on, the tapered element starts to swing at a certain speed. But if tiny particles or molecules stick to the wire, it makes the wire a little bit heavier, so the swinging speed slows down just a tiny amount. The sensor in the TEOM can detect that tiny change in speed, and it lets scientists know how much stuff has stuck to the wire.

So, the TEOM is like a special scale that can measure the weight of very tiny things, using a metal rod that swings back and forth like a swing, with a coated wire that particles and molecules can stick to. Pretty cool, huh?