ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Taylor diagram

Okay kiddo, imagine you're in a classroom and your teacher gives you and your classmates a test. Each of you gets a grade, right? But now imagine that instead of just looking at everyone's grade separately, your teacher wants to see how all of your grades compare to each other. That's kind of like what a Taylor diagram does!

A Taylor diagram is a way to compare different models or measurements of the same thing. Let's say we want to know how well different climate models predict the temperature in a certain location. We can use a Taylor diagram to see how similar or different the models are compared to actual measurements.

In a Taylor diagram, the "reference" point is the actual measurements. Think of this as the teacher's answer key for the test. The models or measurements that are being compared are plotted on the diagram relative to the reference point, kind of like the way you would plot your classmate's grades on a graph.

But the Taylor diagram isn't just a simple graph. It has three different components that help us understand how well the models match the actual measurements. Let me break it down:

1. Correlation: This tells us how well the model matches the actual measurements in terms of patterns. It's kind of like asking if all your classmates' grades followed the same pattern or if they were all over the place.

2. Standard deviation: This tells us how spread out the data is. In other words, how close or far each model or measurement is from the reference point. This is like asking if your classmates' grades were all clumped together or if they ranged widely from each other.

3. Amplitude ratio: This compares the magnitude of the model's change to the magnitude of the actual measurements. It's like asking how much a classmate's grade improved or declined compared to the class average.

The Taylor diagram puts all these pieces together to give us a visual representation of how well the models match the actual measurements. It helps scientists understand which models are most accurate and which ones need more improvement.

So, just like your teacher uses tests to see how well you're learning, scientists use Taylor diagrams to see how accurately models or measurements are predicting things in their research. Pretty cool, right?