Terra preta

Terra preta (which means "black soil" in Portuguese) is a type of soil that is very fertile, dark in color, and rich in nutrients. It is made by mixing organic matter like plants, manure and charcoal with the original soil. This mixture helps the soil to retain more moisture, and it helps to keep the nutrients in the soil, so that plants and crops can grow better. Terra preta also helps to slow down the process of erosion, which is when dirt, sand, and other materials are carried away by wind or water.