A test case is when you try to break a new computer program to see if it is working properly. Say you are creating a new game for your computer. Before you let people play it, you would want to make sure it is working correctly. So, you would create test cases to try and "break" the game. A test case might be to check what happens when you click on something in the game that it isn't supposed to be able to do. If you can click on something the game should not be able to do, then there is a problem with the game and it has to be fixed. If the game doesn't allow you to do something it shouldn't then the game is working correctly and it can be released!