Thermal fluctuations

Okay kiddo, have you ever felt hot and then cold and then hot again? That's kind of like what thermal fluctuations are, but on a much smaller scale!

You see, everything in the world is made up of teeny, tiny particles called atoms. These atoms are always moving around and bouncing off each other, even if we can't see them doing it.

Now, sometimes these atoms get a little bit extra energy and start moving around even more. When this happens, the temperature of the object they're in starts to go up, kind of like how you start sweating when you run around and get hot.

But then, sometimes those same atoms lose a little bit of energy and start moving around less. When this happens, the temperature goes back down again.

This constant back-and-forth movement of atoms is called thermal fluctuations. It's happening all the time, in everything around us – even in the air we breathe!

So, in a nutshell, thermal fluctuations are like a never-ending dance party that all the tiny atoms are having, and it causes things to get a little bit hotter and colder all the time. Pretty cool, huh?