Thomas Robert Malthus was a British economist who lived from 1766 to 1834. He wrote a famous book called An Essay on the Principle of Population which argued that the population of the world would increase faster than the food supply. Malthus believed that the amount of food in the world would stay the same or grow more slowly than the number of people, and so he thought that eventually, the population would get too big and people wouldn't have enough food to eat. To try and prevent this, Malthus suggested that people should have fewer children. Even though the world's population has grown greatly since Malthus wrote his book, his ideas are still important today and are studied by people who want to know more about population growth and food supplies.