Type approval is like getting a driver's license for your car, but instead of checking if you can drive, they're checking if your car meets certain safety and environmental standards. When a car is made, it has to be tested to make sure it's safe, won't harm the environment and is suitable for use on roads. The agency that does this is called the type approval agency. This agency uses different tests to check that the car fits the standards, like crash tests to ensure the car is safe to drive, emissions tests to make sure it isn't polluting the air, and noise tests to check if it's too loud.
Once a car passes all the tests, the type approval agency gives the manufacturer a type approval certificate. This certificate shows that the car has passed all the tests and meets the legal requirements for safety and environmental standards. Without a type approval certificate, you can't sell or drive a vehicle.
Type approval isn't just for cars. All sorts of products need type approval to make sure they're safe to use, like electrical appliances, toys, and medical devices. It's a way to make sure that the things we use every day are safe and not harmful to us, others, or the environment.