what is capability based security?

Capability based security is a way to keep your information safe. It's like having a key to a really special door. It means that only the people who have the right "key" can enter. This key is called a "capability", and it is really hard to copy. It lets the people who have it access certain things, like certain files or websites, but keeps anyone else out. That way, your information stays safe and nobody else can get to it.