ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Fourier transform on finite groups

Fourier transformation on finite groups is like taking a picture with many different colored dots and trying to figure out where and how many of each color dot is in the picture. You do this by looking at how one dot of each color affects the whole picture. To do this, you take a special type of math called the Fourier Transformation and apply it to the group of dot colors. The Fourier Transformation finds a way to break down the whole picture into the different parts that make it up, which are different colored dots. By doing this and counting how many of each color dot is in the picture, you can find out where and how many of each color dot there is.