Abdication means when a really important person (like a king or queen) decides that they don’t want to be in charge of their country anymore, so they give up their power and let someone else take over.
It’s like when you’re playing a game with your friends and you’re the leader, but you decide that you don’t want to be the leader anymore and you let someone else take over. In the same way, when a king or queen abdicates, they’re letting someone else become the leader.
Sometimes, people abdicate because they’re too old or sick to do their job properly. Other times, they might not like being in charge anymore or they might want to do something else with their life.
When someone abdicates, it’s a really big deal because it means that the whole country has to adjust to having a new leader. But it’s also an important moment because it shows that the person who is stepping down is thinking about what’s best for their country and putting others before themselves.