ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Albert–Brauer–Hasse–Noether theorem

The Albert-Brauer-Hasse-Noether Theorem is a really tricky math concept that helps us understand how some types of numbers can be written as combinations of other numbers. It basically says that if we have two specific types of numbers, called "algebraic numbers" and "quaternion algebras", we can tell whether one of those numbers can be written as a different combination of the other type of numbers.

Let's imagine you have some different kinds of toys. You have blocks, which are like algebraic numbers, and you have balls, which are like quaternion algebras. Each block has a specific shape and you can build things out of them, while each ball moves in a unique way and bounces off things. Now, imagine you want to build a tower using your blocks, but you want to know if you can break down some of the blocks and still use them to build the same tower.

The Albert-Brauer-Hasse-Noether Theorem helps us figure out if we can break down our blocks into smaller pieces and still build the same tower. It does this by telling us about the ways that our balls, or quaternion algebras, can be combined with our blocks, or algebraic numbers. We can use the theorem to figure out if one of our blocks can be made by combining different types of balls, or if one of our balls can be made by combining different types of blocks.

Overall, the Albert-Brauer-Hasse-Noether Theorem is a really helpful way to understand how different types of numbers can be combined to create other numbers, and how we can break them down and still make the same things.