An algebraic poset is like a bunch of blocks that can be stacked on top of each other. Each block has a number or symbol on it, and the stacks have to follow some rules.
Imagine you have a block with the number 2 on it, and another block with the number 3. You can put the block with 3 on top of the block with 2 to make a stack.
But you can also have a block with the number 4 and a block with the number 3. You can put the block with 3 on top of the block with 2, and then put the block with 4 on top of the block with 3 to make another stack. This means that the stack with 4 is "above" the stack with 3 and 2.
Now, imagine you have a bunch of these stacks, but instead of just using numbers on the blocks, you use mathematical equations or formulas. You can still stack them on top of each other, following the same rules, to make an algebraic poset.
This poset helps mathematicians study how different mathematical expressions relate to each other and figure out ways to simplify them.