ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Applied behavior analysis

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is like a helpful tool that grown-ups use to teach us good habits and behaviors, just like how you learn to brush your teeth or eat your vegetables. ABA helps grown-ups know what to do or say to help you learn new things and behave better.

Just like a puzzle, ABA breaks things down into small and simple steps to help you learn and practice each step until you put them all together. For example, if you're learning to tie your shoes, ABA might help you learn to first lay your shoelaces out straight, then cross them over each other, and then make little loops before tucking one loop under the other and pulling them tight.

ABA is based on the idea that if we do something that makes us feel good or gives us what we want, we are more likely to do it again in the future. This can also be true for things we don't like or make us feel bad. If we do something that gets us in trouble or makes us feel bad, we are less likely to do that thing again.

That's why ABA helps grown-ups create things called "reinforcers" - which are rewards or positive outcomes - to help us learn and practice good behaviors. When we do something good, like tying our shoes or using kind words, we might get a high-five, a hug, or a special treat! This makes us want to do those things again because it feels good.

ABA can be used for lots of different things like learning to talk, making friends, staying calm in stressful situations, or even learning new skills like playing a sport or instrument. The end goal is always to help us be our best selves and learn to do things that make us and others happy.