Arthashastra is a very old book written a long time ago by an Indian guy named Kautilya. It talks about how to take care of a kingdom, like a king or a queen would. The book has a lot of rules about how to make sure the people in the kingdom are happy and have what they need. It's kind of like a guidebook for taking care of people and making sure everyone is doing what they're supposed to do. It's important to have rules to take care of people, just like how parents make rules for their children.