Atmospheric reanalysis is like making a big puzzle out of things that have already happened in the weather. Imagine you have a bunch of puzzle pieces that are all pictures of the weather. Each piece shows what the weather was like in a certain place at a certain time.
But not all the puzzle pieces fit perfectly together, and some are even missing! That's where atmospheric reanalysis comes in. Scientists use fancy computer programs to try to make all the puzzle pieces fit together better. They also use other information, like weather balloons and satellites, to fill in the missing pieces.
By doing this, they can create a big picture of the weather from the past. This is really useful for scientists because they can use this information to better understand things like climate change, severe weather, and even how air pollution moves around the world.