ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Back rank checkmate

Hello there, kiddo! Today, we're going to learn about something called "back rank checkmate".

When we play chess, we have kings and queens and rooks and all sorts of exciting pieces to move around the board. The king is the most important piece on the board - we try to keep him safe and sound while also trying to trap our opponent's king.

One way to trap the king is by using something called a "back rank checkmate". This happens when the opponent's king is stuck on the back rank - that's the row of squares right in front of their own pawns. If the opponent's pieces are blocking the king from moving away from that back rank, and the attacking player gives a check with their rook or queen, then the opponent's king is in big trouble!

See, the king can't move out of check because he's trapped, and he can't capture the attacking piece because there's another piece in the way. The only thing the opponent can do is move another piece to block the attack, but if there's no piece that can do that, then it's game over - checkmate!

So, in summary, back rank checkmate is when an attacking piece (usually a rook or queen) gives check to the opponent's king who is stuck on the back rank with no way to escape or capture the attacking piece. And that's just one of the many exciting ways to win a game of chess!