A barefoot doctor is someone who lives in a place where there aren't many doctors or hospitals. They learn how to help people when they're sick or hurt without needing fancy equipment or medicines. They might use things like plants or herbs to make medicine, or they might use their hands to massage or manipulate someone's body to help them feel better.
The idea of a barefoot doctor started in China a long time ago when there weren't enough doctors to help everyone who needed it. So, the government trained some regular people to become barefoot doctors. They would travel around to different villages and towns to help people who were sick or hurt.
Today, barefoot doctors still exist in some parts of the world. They're important because they can help people who might not be able to get to a hospital or see a doctor. And sometimes, they can even help prevent people from getting sick in the first place by teaching them how to stay healthy.