Binary classification is a way of talking about two different things that are very different from each other. It's like saying something is either "yes" or "no", "true" or "false", or "right" or "wrong". For example, if you wanted to figure out if a picture showed a dog or a cat, you could use binary classification to help you decide. The computer would look at the picture and then decide if it was a dog or a cat. It would say either "yes, dog" or "no, cat".