Breton nationalism refers to the belief in the importance of the Breton culture and the desire for the creation of an independent Breton state separate from France. Bretons are a group of people who live in the northwest region of France called Brittany. The Breton culture is very unique, with its own language, traditions, and history.
During World War II, France was invaded by Nazi Germany. The Germans occupied France and established a puppet government, called Vichy France, which collaborated with the Nazis. Many Breton nationalists saw this as an opportunity to push for Breton independence. They believed that France had failed to protect them during the war and that an independent Breton state could better protect them in the future.
Some Breton nationalists even joined the French Resistance, which was a group of people who fought against the Nazi occupation. However, not all Bretons supported the idea of independence or the Resistance. Some Bretons were loyal to the Vichy government or the Nazi regime, while others simply wanted to focus on rebuilding their lives after the war.
In the end, the Breton nationalist movement did not succeed in achieving independence. France remained unified, and the Breton culture continued to be a part of French society. However, the legacy of Breton nationalism is still felt today, as some Bretons continue to advocate for greater autonomy within the French state.