ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Calendrical Calculations

Calendrical calculations are ways of figuring out what day it is or when an important event happened or will happen. It's like a big puzzle that people have been trying to solve for thousands of years!

Imagine you have a big calendar with lots of pages. Each page is a different month and has little squares for each day. Now, let's say you want to figure out what day of the week your birthday is on next year. You could start by counting the number of days from your last birthday to your next one, but that would take a while and you might lose count.

That's where calendrical calculations come in. People have come up with fancy ways of counting days and figuring out what day of the week it will be on a certain date. One method is to use something called the Gregorian calendar, which is the calendar most of the world uses today.

Basically, the Gregorian calendar has a pattern that repeats itself every 400 years. Within that pattern, there are leap years (like 2020) and common years (like 2021). Leap years have one extra day (February 29th) to help keep the calendar in line with the sun and the seasons.

So, if you wanted to figure out what day of the week your birthday will be next year, you could use a fancy formula that takes into account the current year, the date of your birthday, and the fact that there are 365 days in a year (except for leap years, which have 366 days).

It might sound confusing, but lots of people are really good at calendrical calculations and can figure out what day of the week any date in history fell on! It's not magic, but it does take a lot of practice and a good memory for numbers.