Challenge-based learning is a way of learning that makes you solve exciting problems or challenges that seem tough and exciting, just like a puzzle or a game. For example, your teacher could give you a challenge to design and build a small robot that can move and take things, and you have to think about how it will work, what materials you will need and how it will move.
This way of learning encourages you to think creatively, ask questions, collaborate with others, and experiment with different solutions until you find the best one. You get to learn new things in a fun way and find more enjoyment in the process.
When you're done solving the challenge or problem, you get a sense of pride and accomplishment, and it helps you grow a lot as a learner. So, challenge-based learning is all about learning by doing things you find challenging, exciting and fun.