ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Chiral drugs

Hey kiddo! Today let me explain what chiral drugs are in a way you can easily understand.

Every drug has a specific shape and structure that helps it work the way it should inside our bodies. Chiral drugs are a special kind of medicine where the molecules that make up the drug have a mirror image of each other.

It's like if you looked at your hands in front of a mirror – the reflection you see is like a mirror image of your real hands. Chiral drugs have two mirror images of themselves, just like your hands have two sides – left and right.

But the funny thing is, even though chiral drugs have two identical mirror images, only one of the sides works the way it should in our bodies. It's like if you tried to put a left-handed glove on to your right hand – it wouldn't fit properly since it's designed for the other hand.

The same happens with chiral drugs. The side of the drug that works properly in our bodies is called the "active" form, while the other side is called the "inactive" form. To make sure we only get the active form, scientists have to carefully separate the two sides during the drug-making process.

This is important because if we take the inactive form of the drug, it won't do anything to help us. But if we take the active form, it can help us feel better and even save our lives!

So, chiral drugs are special medicines that have two mirror images, but only one of them is active and helpful in our bodies. Scientists carefully separate the active and inactive sides during the drug-making process to make sure we get the right medicine we need.