Coexistence theory is an idea about how different species can live together in an ecosystem. It says that species can coexist if they each have their own unique niche, which is a different job to do or a special way of living in the ecosystem. For example, a bird might eat insects, a squirrel might eat nuts, and a frog might eat all kinds of bugs - each of them has a different niche and all of them can happily live in the same place.