Debt collection is when somebody owes money to someone else but they're not paying it back. The person who is owed the money will try things to get the money back. This is called debt collection.
For example, let's say you borrowed $10 from your friend to buy some candy at the store but you didn't pay them back. Your friend might try to remind you a few times to pay them back, but if you still don't pay them, they might get a grown-up to help them get the money back.
This grown-up might work for a company that helps people collect money that they are owed. They might call you or send you a letter asking you to pay your debt. They might remind you that you promised to pay back the $10 you borrowed.
Sometimes, people who owe money can't pay it back all at once. In this case, the debt collector might work with you to make a plan to pay back the money a little bit at a time, like $1 a week. This way, you can still pay back what you owe, but in a way that is easier for you.
Debt collection can be a little scary, but it's important to remember that when you borrow money from someone, you need to pay it back. It's also important to ask for help if you're having trouble paying back what you owe.