Okay kiddo, have you ever played with play dough or clay and noticed that it becomes wider after you push it out of a small hole? That's a bit like die swell.
Die swell is what happens when you try to squeeze a material, like plastic or rubber, out of a hole or a die. As the material goes through the die, it can sometimes get squished or compressed. But then, when it comes out the other side, it can suddenly spring back and get wider, kind of like a balloon inflating.
This can happen for different reasons, depending on the material and how it's being processed. Sometimes it's because the material has memory and wants to go back to its original shape, like a rubber band snapping back after being stretched. Other times it's because the material gets heated up and melts, making it more fluid and easier to expand.
Die swell can be a problem if you need to make accurate, precise shapes out of the material. If you're trying to make a tube or a wire that needs to be a specific size, die swell can make it come out wider or thicker than you intended. So engineers and scientists who work with these materials have to be careful and take die swell into account when designing their machines or processes.
Did that help you understand, kiddo?